Roofs tend to be ignored until something drips. A small amount of seasonal attention prevents most of the expensive surprises, particularly in a climate that swings as hard as ours.
Twice a year, from the ground
You do not need to climb up. From the ground with binoculars, look for missing, lifted or cracked shingles, sagging anywhere along the roof line, and damaged or rusting flashing around chimneys and vents.
Keep the gutters clear
Blocked gutters back water up under the roof edge, which rots decking and fascia. Clear them in late autumn once leaves have dropped, and check that downspouts discharge well away from the foundation, since this is also a leading cause of damp basements.
Look in the attic
The attic often shows a problem before the ceiling does. Check for damp insulation, water staining on the underside of the decking, daylight where there should not be any, and any musty smell.
Cut back overhanging branches
Branches scrape granules off shingles in the wind and drop debris that holds moisture against the roof. They also give squirrels a route in.
After a storm
High winds and hail are worth a specific look. Damage is frequently not visible from inside until it has been leaking for a while, and insurance claims are far easier when reported promptly.
Check ventilation
Poor attic ventilation cooks shingles from below in summer and contributes to ice dams in winter. If your attic is noticeably hot or humid, that is worth investigating.
